Mal cerebral blood flow (hyperviscosity) resulting in an organic psychosis. This view is supported by the2 Contributors RR will be the principal author was involved inside the clinical care from the patient when TP would be the responsible clinician for the patient described inside the case report. She scrutinised the contents of your report ahead of submission. Competing interests None. Patient consent Obtained. Provenance and peer critique Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed. Rai R, et al. BMJ Case Rep 2013. doi:ten.1136/bcr-2012-Unusual association of diseases/symptoms
Takahashi-Sato et al. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders 2013, 13:53 http://www.biomedcentral/1471-2261/13/RESEARCH ARTICLEOpen AccessLoss of ectonucleotidases in the coronary vascular bed following ischemia-reperfusion in isolated rat heartKaoru Takahashi-Sato1, Masahiro Murakawa1, Junko Kimura2, Masa-aki Ito3 and Isao Matsuoka2,3*AbstractBackground: Ectonucleotidase plays an essential part in the regulation of cardiac function by controlling extracellular levels of adenine nucleotides and adenosine. To figure out the influence of ischemia-reperfusion injury on ectonucleotidase activity in coronary vascular bed, we compared the metabolic profile of adenine nucleotides through the coronary circulation in pre- and post-ischemic heart. Solutions: Langendorff-perfused rat hearts had been made use of to assess the intracoronary metabolism of adenine nucleotides. The effects of ischemia on the adenine nucleotide metabolism had been examined just after 30 min of ischemia and 30 min of reperfusion. Adenine nucleotide metabolites have been measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Outcomes: ATP, ADP and AMP were swiftly metabolized to adenosine and inosine during the coronary circulation. After ischemia, ectonucleotidase activity of the coronary vascular bed was drastically decreased. Also, the perfusate from the ischemic heart contained a considerable volume of enzymes degrading ATP, AMP and adenosine. Immunoblot evaluation revealed that the perfusate from the ischemic heart dominantly contained ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1, and, to a lesser extent, ecto-5′-nucleotidase.Mephenoxalone Technical Information The leakage of nucleotide metabolizing enzymes in the coronary vascular bed by ischemia-reperfusion was far more exceptional in aged rats, in which post-ischemic cardiac dysfunction was more severe. Conclusion: Ectonucleotidases were liberated from the coronary vascular bed by ischemia-reperfusion, resulting in an all round decrease in ectonucleotidase activity inside the post-ischemic coronary vascular bed.FC-11 Purity & Documentation These final results recommend that decreased ectonucleotidase activity by ischemia may exacerbate subsequent reperfusion injury, and that levels of circulating ectonucleotidase may well reflect the severity of ischemic vascular injury.PMID:24118276 Keywords: Ischemia-reperfusion, Coronary circulation, Ectonucleotidase, ATP, AdenosineBackground Adenine nucleotides and adenosine (Ado) are endogenous modulators of cardiac function. Ado has cardiodepressive effects, for instance the negative chronotropic impact and also the inhibition of inotropic action of adrenergic agonists, through activation of the Ado A1 receptor [1]. In contrast to Ado, ATP itself has constructive inotropic and vasoconstricting* Correspondence: [email protected] Equal contributors two Departments of Pharmacology, Fukushima Medical University College of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan 3 Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Overall health and Welfare, Gunma 370-0033, Japan Complete li.
